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The solution to both problems is to acquire new bots. This is an indirect loss since it turns a valuable bot into a worthless bot. Second, botmasters fully squeeze out bots by, for instance, steal all credentials, conduct wire fraud, etc. First, users detect infections and clean up devices. In general, the operators of a botnet (also known as botmasters) face at least two issues when running a botnet. In our Github repository, we share hashes of Flubot and Teabot payloads, YARA rules to hunt for the aforementioned malware families, as well as further analysis scripts. It will not reiterate on the capabilities of the malware itself as there are already very detailed write-ups by Incibe CERT, SWITCH, and ProDaft. The goal of this blog post is to give the reader a detailed insight in how Flubot’s smishing campaigns work from end to end. Flubot and Teabot), and show how the operators verify new bots.
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In this blog post, we’ll see how the smishing SMS work, how Flubot utilizes social engineering to convince targets to install APKs, discuss the payloads that Flubot recently has distributed (i.e. And notably they implement a mechanism to shut out security researchers who are running bot emulations from their botnet: they verify if new bots can send out SMS! from voicemail to parcel services as observed in the last week of August 2021. After several weeks, they usually switch the theme of their campaigns, e.g. In addition, they use mechanisms to circumvent simple SMS content filter engines. They keep changing their smishing SMS templates every couple of hours and change the links in these SMS every couple of minutes. As of September 2021, we are noticing how the botnet activity is increasing and the current infection level is converging against a level we noticed in May 2021.įigure 1 Unique Flubot infections per day of Deutsche Telekom customersįurthermore, the Flubot operators keep on working to maintain this status quo. This is a typical seasonal fluctuation also known as “the threat actor’s summer break”. The plot shows a period during June and July where less infections were detected. Note that the population of infections heavily fluctuates due to continued effort to notify our clients and consequently by them removing the malware from their devices. The following figure shows the amount of unique infections per day from May 2021 until September 2021. Each infected client is notified and offered assistance during the cleaning process. Telekom Security has detected thousands of Flubot infections of Deutsche Telekom’s clients throughout 2021. Since its inception in late 2020, this botnet has become a serious threat to end users and an annoying problem for carriers around the world. Hence, the name “Flubot” as this botnet spreads like the flu. An infected device exfiltrates its contact list to the command and control server, which commands it to try to infect hundreds or even thousands of other devices each day.

This behavior is known as smishing, an artificial word derived from “SMS” and “Phishing”. This botnet spreads by sending SMS like “Notification: (1) new voice message: LINK”, where LINK redirects the target to a lure server serving a website that convinces the target to install a third-party APK.
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Flubot comprises information stealing capabilities (exfiltrate contact list, SMS exfiltration), spamming capabilities (sending of smishing SMS), and application manipulation capabilities (injecting HTML code in banking and cryptocurrency apps).
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One of the tools such attackers utilize is Flubot, which is a botnet primarily targeting Android mobile phones. Flubot is so successful for a reason - unfortunately.
